揭秘vue-cli3全面配置

更新时间：2020-03-11 16:43:29
编辑：满蝾婷

本文介绍了vue-cli3全面配置详解，分享给大家，具体如下：

vue-cli3-config

创建项目

配置环境变量

通过在package.json里的scripts配置项中添加--mode xxx来选择不同环境

在项目根目录中新建.env, .env.production, .env.analyz等文件

只有以 VUE_APP_ 开头的变量会被 webpack.DefinePlugin 静态嵌入到客户端侧的包中，代码中可以通过process.env.VUE_APP_BASE_API访问

NODE_ENV 和 BASE_URL 是两个特殊变量，在代码中始终可用

.env serve默认的环境变量

NODE_ENV = 'development'
VUE_APP_BASE_API = 'https://demo.cn/api'
VUE_APP_SRC = 'https://wechat-timg.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/demo'

.env.production build默认的环境变量

NODE_ENV = 'production'

VUE_APP_BASE_API = 'https://demo.com/api'
VUE_APP_SRC = 'https://img-wechat.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/demo'

.env.analyz 用于webpack-bundle-analyzer打包分析

NODE_ENV = 'production'
IS_ANALYZ = 'analyz'

VUE_APP_BASE_API = 'https://demo.com/api'
VUE_APP_SRC = 'https://img-wechat.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/demo'

修改package.json

"scripts": {
 "serve": "vue-cli-service serve",
 "build": "vue-cli-service build",
 "analyz": "vue-cli-service build --mode analyz",
 "lint": "vue-cli-service lint"
}

配置vue.config.js

const IS_PROD = ['production', 'prod'].includes(process.env.NODE_ENV);

module.exports = {
 baseUrl: './', // 默认'/'，部署应用包时的基本 URL
 outputDir: process.env.outputDir || 'dist', // 'dist', 生产环境构建文件的目录
 assetsDir: '', // 相对于outputDir的静态资源(js、css、img、fonts)目录
 lintOnSave: false,
 runtimeCompiler: true, // 是否使用包含运行时编译器的 Vue 构建版本
 productionSourceMap: false, // 生产环境的 source map
 parallel: require('os').cpus().length > 1,
 pwa: {}
};

配置proxy跨域

const IS_PROD = ['production', 'prod'].includes(process.env.NODE_ENV);
module.exports = {
  devServer: {
    // overlay: {
    //  warnings: true,
    //  errors: true
    // },
    open: IS_PROD,
    host: '0.0.0.0',
    port: 8000,
    https: false,
    hotOnly: false,
    proxy: {
     '/api': {
      target: process.env.VUE_APP_BASE_API || 'http://127.0.0.1:8080',
      changeOrigin: true
     }
    }
  }
}

修复HMR(热更新)失效

module.exports = {
  chainWebpack: config => {
    // 修复HMR
    config.resolve.symlinks(true);
  }
}

添加别名

const path = require('path');
const resolve = (dir) => path.join(__dirname, dir);
const IS_PROD = ['production', 'prod'].includes(process.env.NODE_ENV);

module.exports = {
  chainWebpack: config => {
    // 添加别名
    config.resolve.alias
     .set('@', resolve('src'))
     .set('assets', resolve('src/assets'))
     .set('components', resolve('src/components'))
     .set('layout', resolve('src/layout'))
     .set('base', resolve('src/base'))
     .set('static', resolve('src/static'));
  }
}

添加打包分析

const BundleAnalyzerPlugin = require('webpack-bundle-analyzer').BundleAnalyzerPlugin;

module.exports = {
  chainWebpack: config => {
    // 打包分析
    if (process.env.IS_ANALYZ) {
     config.plugin('webpack-report')
      .use(BundleAnalyzerPlugin, [{
       analyzerMode: 'static',
      }]);
    }
  }
}

配置externals

防止将某些 import 的包(package)打包到 bundle 中，而是在运行时(runtime)再去从外部获取这些扩展依赖

module.exports = {
  configureWebpack: config => {
    config.externals = {
     'vue': 'Vue',
     'element-ui': 'ELEMENT',
     'vue-router': 'VueRouter',
     'vuex': 'Vuex',
     'axios': 'axios'
    }
  }
}

去掉console.log

方法一：

const UglifyJsPlugin = require('uglifyjs-webpack-plugin');
module.exports = {
  configureWebpack: config => {
    if (IS_PROD) {
      const plugins = [];
      plugins.push(
        new UglifyJsPlugin({
          uglifyOptions: {
            compress: {
              warnings: false,
              drop_console: true,
              drop_debugger: false,
              pure_funcs: ['console.log']//移除console
            }
          },
          sourceMap: false,
          parallel: true
        })
      );
      config.plugins = [
        ...config.plugins,
        ...plugins
      ];
    }
  }
}

方法二：使用babel-plugin-transform-remove-console插件

npm i --save-dev babel-plugin-transform-remove-console

在babel.config.js中配置

const plugins = [];
if(['production', 'prod'].includes(process.env.NODE_ENV)) { 
 plugins.push("transform-remove-console")
}

module.exports = {
 presets: [["@vue/app",{"useBuiltIns": "entry"}]],
 plugins: plugins
};

开启gzip压缩

npm i --save-dev compression-webpack-plugin

const CompressionWebpackPlugin = require('compression-webpack-plugin');
const productionGzipExtensions = /\.(js|css|json|txt|html|ico|svg)(\?.*)?$/i;

module.exports = {
  configureWebpack: config => {
    if (IS_PROD) {
      const plugins = [];
      plugins.push(
        new CompressionWebpackPlugin({
          filename: '[path].gz[query]',
          algorithm: 'gzip',
          test: productionGzipExtensions,
          threshold: 10240,
          minRatio: 0.8
        })
      );
      config.plugins = [
        ...config.plugins,
        ...plugins
      ];
    }
  }
}

还可以开启比gzip体验更好的Zopfli压缩详见https://webpack.js.org/plugins/compression-webpack-plugin

npm i --save-dev @gfx/zopfli brotli-webpack-plugin

const CompressionWebpackPlugin = require('compression-webpack-plugin');
const zopfli = require("@gfx/zopfli");
const BrotliPlugin = require("brotli-webpack-plugin");
const productionGzipExtensions = /\.(js|css|json|txt|html|ico|svg)(\?.*)?$/i;

module.exports = {
  configureWebpack: config => {
    if (IS_PROD) {
      const plugins = [];
      plugins.push(
        new CompressionWebpackPlugin({
          algorithm(input, compressionOptions, callback) {
           return zopfli.gzip(input, compressionOptions, callback);
          },
          compressionOptions: {
           numiterations: 15
          },
          minRatio: 0.99,
          test: productionGzipExtensions
        })
      );
      plugins.push(
        new BrotliPlugin({
          test: productionGzipExtensions,
          minRatio: 0.99
        })
      );
      config.plugins = [
        ...config.plugins,
        ...plugins
      ];
    }
  }
}

为sass提供全局样式，以及全局变量

可以通过在main.js中Vue.prototype.$src = process.env.VUE_APP_SRC;挂载环境变量中的配置信息，然后在js中使用$src访问。

css中可以使用注入sass变量访问环境变量中的配置信息

module.exports = {
  css: {
    modules: false,
    extract: IS_PROD,
    sourceMap: false,
    loaderOptions: {
     sass: {
      // 向全局sass样式传入共享的全局变量
      data: `@import "~assets/scss/variables.scss";$src: "${process.env.VUE_APP_SRC}";`
     }
    }
  }
}

在scss中引用

.home {
  background: url($src + '/images/500.png');
}

添加IE兼容

npm i --save @babel/polyfill

在main.js中添加

import '@babel/polyfill';

配置babel.config.js

const plugins = [];

module.exports = {
 presets: [["@vue/app",{"useBuiltIns": "entry"}]],
 plugins: plugins
};

完整配置

安装依赖

复制代码代码如下:

	npm i --save-dev compression-webpack-plugin babel-plugin-transform-remove-console @gfx/zopfli brotli-webpack-plugin

package.json

"scripts": {
  "serve": "vue-cli-service serve",
  "build": "vue-cli-service build",
  "analyz": "vue-cli-service build --mode analyz",
  "lint": "vue-cli-service lint"
}

babel.config.js

const plugins = [];
// if(['production', 'prod'].includes(process.env.NODE_ENV)) { 
//  plugins.push("transform-remove-console")
// }

module.exports = {
 presets: [["@vue/app",{"useBuiltIns": "entry"}]],
 plugins: plugins
};
vue.config.js
const BundleAnalyzerPlugin = require('webpack-bundle-analyzer').BundleAnalyzerPlugin;
const UglifyJsPlugin = require('uglifyjs-webpack-plugin');
const CompressionWebpackPlugin = require('compression-webpack-plugin');
// const zopfli = require("@gfx/zopfli");
// const BrotliPlugin = require("brotli-webpack-plugin");

const path = require('path');
const resolve = (dir) => path.join(__dirname, dir);
const IS_PROD = ['production', 'prod'].includes(process.env.NODE_ENV);
const productionGzipExtensions = /\.(js|css|json|txt|html|ico|svg)(\?.*)?$/i;

module.exports = {
  baseUrl: './', // 默认'/'，部署应用包时的基本 URL
  outputDir: process.env.outputDir || 'dist', // 'dist', 生产环境构建文件的目录
  assetsDir: '', // 相对于outputDir的静态资源(js、css、img、fonts)目录
  lintOnSave: false,
  runtimeCompiler: true, // 是否使用包含运行时编译器的 Vue 构建版本
  productionSourceMap: false, // 生产环境的 source map

  configureWebpack: config => {
    // config.externals = {
    //   'vue': 'Vue',
    //   'element-ui': 'ELEMENT',
    //   'vue-router': 'VueRouter',
    //   'vuex': 'Vuex',
    //   'axios': 'axios'
    // }

    if (IS_PROD) {
      const plugins = [];
      plugins.push(
        new UglifyJsPlugin({
          uglifyOptions: {
            compress: {
              warnings: false,
              drop_console: true,
              drop_debugger: false,
              pure_funcs: ['console.log']//移除console
            }
          },
          sourceMap: false,
          parallel: true
        })
      );
      plugins.push(
        new CompressionWebpackPlugin({
          filename: '[path].gz[query]',
          algorithm: 'gzip',
          test: productionGzipExtensions,
          threshold: 10240,
          minRatio: 0.8
        })
      );
      // Zopfli压缩 https://webpack.js.org/plugins/compression-webpack-plugin/
      // plugins.push(
      //   new CompressionWebpackPlugin({
      //     algorithm(input, compressionOptions, callback) {
      //       return zopfli.gzip(input, compressionOptions, callback);
      //     },
      //     compressionOptions: {
      //       numiterations: 15
      //     },
      //     minRatio: 0.99,
      //     test: productionGzipExtensions
      //   })
      // );
      // plugins.push(
      //   new BrotliPlugin({
      //     test: productionGzipExtensions,
      //     minRatio: 0.99
      //   })
      // );
      config.plugins = [
        ...config.plugins,
        ...plugins
      ];
    }
  },
  chainWebpack: config => {
    // 修复HMR
    config.resolve.symlinks(true);

    // 添加别名
    config.resolve.alias
      .set('@', resolve('src'))
      .set('assets', resolve('src/assets'))
      .set('components', resolve('src/components'))
      .set('layout', resolve('src/layout'))
      .set('base', resolve('src/base'))
      .set('static', resolve('src/static'));

    // 打包分析
    if (process.env.IS_ANALYZ) {
      config.plugin('webpack-report')
        .use(BundleAnalyzerPlugin, [{
          analyzerMode: 'static',
        }]);
    }

    // 多页面配置，为js添加hash
    // config.output.chunkFilename(`js/[name].[chunkhash:8].js`)

    // 修改图片输出路径
    // config.module
    //  .rule('images')
    //  .test(/\.(png|jpe?g|gif|ico)(\?.*)?$/)
    //  .use('url-loader')
    //  .loader('url-loader')
    //  .options({
    //    name: path.join('../assets/', 'img/[name].[ext]')
    //  })
  },
  css: {
    modules: false,
    extract: IS_PROD,
    // 为css后缀添加hash
    // extract: {
    // filename: 'css/[name].[hash:8].css',
    // chunkFilename: 'css/[name].[hash:8].css'
    /